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A half step is the shortest distance we use in music.  It is the distance between a black key and a white key.  It is one fret up or down on a guitar.  The chromatic scale is composed of all half steps.  To move a note up a half step we use a sharp.  A – A# is a half step.  An enharmonic equivalent is a note with the same sound but a different name.  A# can also be called B Flat.

The chromatic scale is made up of the following notes.

A | A Sharp or B Flat | B | C | C Sharp or D Flat | D | D Sharp or E Flat | E | F | F Sharp or G Flat | G | G Sharp or A Flat |